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Life can feel like a balancing act, from managing your work to spending time with friends and family. However, simplifying your debt payments is essential. A recent report suggests that total American household debt increased by US$93 billion in Q4 2024, reaching US$18.04 trillion. That’s where debt consolidation comes into play: organizing your debt so you can focus on what matters most. 

In this article, we will explore some of the fundamentals of debt consolidation for individuals and businesses while debunking some myths surrounding it. Let’s dive deep to clarify your financial solutions and secure financial stability.

What are Debt Consolidation loans?

Debt consolidation is the process of combining several debts into a single monthly repayment plan to simplify payoff. A common form of debt consolidation is obtaining a loan, where the new loan amount matches the total of your existing debts. In other words, your new loan equals the sum of your current debts. Since loans typically offer more forgiving interest rates than most types of debt, a debt consolidation loan can save you a significant amount in interest over time. 

The best time to consider using a debt consolidation loan is when you want to reduce the interest rates on multiple credit cards. To accomplish that, let’s understand how debt consolidation works. 

How Debt Consolidation Loan Works?

When consolidating debt, a person takes out a large loan that encompasses all smaller loans. However, this single loan may incur additional fees, extend the repayment period, and carry higher interest rates. The first step in securing any debt consolidation loan is to determine how much consolidation is needed for the debt. 

Let’s illustrate this with an example of consolidating credit card debts, showing the following balances and annual percentage rates (APRs):

  • Card 1 has a balance of US$5,000 with an APR of 20%. 
  • Card 2 shows a balance of US$2,000 and an APR of 25%. 
  • Card 3 carries a balance of US$1,000 with an APR of 16%. 

If you continue to make minimum monthly credit card payments of US$218.33, it will take a staggering 23 years to pay off your financial balance. Now, imagine you are eligible for a US$8,000 debt consolidation with a 24-month term plan at 10% or a 60-month term at 12%. Both options enable you to save on interest and become debt-free. 

Types of Debt Consolidation Loans

Debt consolidation loans often have minimum payments and, in most cases, save you from financial consequences. There are several ways to consolidate your debt, and it primarily depends on your specific financial circumstances. 

The types include:

1. Debt Consolidation Loan

  • Debt consolidation loan is the most common type and is often used to consolidate credit card debts.
  • It has lower interest rates than most credit cards.
  • It is usually unsecured, which allows borrowers to avoid having to pay for an asset online. 
  • A good credit score is essential for obtaining the best interest rates on a loan. 

2. Home Equity Loan or Home Equity Line of Credit (HELOC)

  • It is a secured loan that allows you to borrow against the equity in your house to pay off your debts. 
  • Secured loans carry higher risks than debt consolidation plans. 
  • Because the borrower’s home serves as collateral, failure to make payments may result in foreclosure. 

3. 401 (k) Loan

  • You can also borrow an amount against a 401 (k) retirement account to consolidate your debts. 
  • It does not require any credit checks. 

Debt consolidation is certainly a neat solution to repay your debts. However, certain aspects need attention before you take the plunge. 

Steps to get a Debt Consolidation Loan

The process of debt consolidation is similar to that of getting a personal loan. However, it has a few extra steps, which are as follows:

1. Deciding The Debt That Needs Consolidation

Record the current balances of all your credit cards, unsecured loans, and other debts that require consolidation. 

2. Crunch the Numbers

Compare short and long repayment terms to assess the best payment options. Unlike credit cards, debt consolidation does not offer a minimum payment option, so it's important to ensure that the payment is affordable. 

3. Organizing Debt Payoff

At this stage, it is necessary to gather all the information in advance. Depending on the lender, you may have access to funds on the same day, and a longer waiting time to pay off debt leads to the accumulation of more interest. 

Also read: Debt Consolidation Loan Strategies for Poor Credit

Pros and Cons of Debt Consolidation 

It is important to understand that debt consolidation involves taking a new loan, and the loan application process itself can affect your credit scores. 

Here are some of the pros and cons of debt consolidation:

Pros of debt consolidation

  • Potential savings: Whether using a credit card or personal loan, debt consolidation can save hundreds of dollars in interest charges. Additionally, it may lead to lower monthly payments, freeing up extra cash. 
  • Repayment flexibility: Debt consolidation is ideal for individuals with multiple debts who need flexibility in their monthly payment plan. 
  • Credit Utilization: The credit utilization ratio affects the revolving credit available to you. A high credit utilization signifies higher risk. However, credit cards and personal loans are distinct types of debt, collectively accounting for 10% of your FICO credit score. Therefore, by consolidating multiple credit card debts into a personal loan, you can improve your overall credit utilization ratio. 

Cons of debt consolidation 

  • Hard inquiries: When you apply for a loan, including debt consolidation, potential lenders will review your credit reports, which generates hard inquiries. Each new inquiry can lower your credit score. 
  • New accounts: The average age of your accounts affects your credit scores. Opening a new account may result in a corresponding decrease in your credit scores. 

Also read: Understanding How Debt Consolidation Works: Pros and Cons

Is Debt Consolidation a Good Idea

Credit card rates average about 20%; however, consolidation loans provide significantly lower rates for qualified borrowers. Consolidating debt isn’t a one-size-fits-all strategy; therefore, evaluating the circumstances and goals to determine whether it is the right move depends on the following factors.

  • Your credit score is strong, which means you can qualify for better terms on a loan or credit card. 
  • Your budget can accommodate new monthly payments without compromising on expenses or other debt obligations. 
  • You have debts with variable interest rates, and you need to switch to a fixed rate. 

Nowadays, lenders are cautious about interest rates due to uncertainty surrounding consumers' financial resilience and rising inflation. Experts believe that credit card rates will remain high in the near future, emphasizing the need for debt counseling services.

5 Common Myths About Debt Consolidation

The straightforward truth about debt consolidation is that it serves as a financial strategy for individuals aiming to manage their credit card debt. Is it beneficial or detrimental? That is for you to determine, but let us clarify some of the misconceptions surrounding debt consolidation. 

Myth #1: Debt Consolidation and Debt Management are the Same Thing

The Truth: Debt consolidation and debt management plans are similar; however, they have key differences. When consolidating debt, borrowers take out loans and repay funds to pay off their creditors. Debt management plans do not involve loans and are a separate program of credit counseling agencies.  

Myth #2: Debt Consolidation Hurt Your Credit Scores

The Truth: Debt consolidation can improve your credit score over time. It also assists in paying down high-interest credit card debt, which lowers your credit utilization ratio. Consistently making on-time payments can reduce your overall debt and help you recover your credit score. 

Myth #3: Debt Consolidation Leads to More Debt

The Truth: Debt consolidation can simplify your payment plans. However, it won’t make a difference if your spending habits remain unchanged. Addressing the root cause of your debt can help you become debt-free over time. 

Myth #4: A Debt Consolidation Loan Will Save Money 

The Truth: The primary purpose of a debt consolidation loan is to save money. However, having multiple credit card debts can negatively impact your credit score, resulting in higher interest rates. A debt management plan is the most effective way to lower your interest rates, regardless of your credit score. 

Myth #5: Seeking Professional Advice Will Just Add Costs to my Debt

The Truth: Managing debts can be overwhelming. However, end-to-end support makes all the difference. Professional guidance can help you streamline your debt consolidation processes and keep track of your business. 

If you are uncertain whether debt consolidation is the right choice for you, consulting a knowledgeable financial advisor or a reputable debt management company is wise. Shepherd Outsourcing Services can help you assess the best options for debt management and develop a customized debt consolidation plan that aligns with your business objectives. 

Alternatives to Debt Consolidation

Half of Americans with debts report difficulty managing at least one type of debt. Additionally, 60% of those with high levels of credit card debt report similar struggles. Consolidation is not just the only option for debtholders looking for relief. 

Here’s a rundown on some other alternatives:

1. Debt Management Plans:

  • Some non-profit credit counseling services provide debt management programs. In these programs, a counselor collaboratively works with a creditor to obtain lower interest rates. The program also involves transferring and opening new credit accounts while debt management is in effect. 

2. Credit Card Refinancing:

  • Credit card refinancing involves transferring debt to a new balance transfer credit card with interest rates as low as 0%. 
  • However, acquiring such cards can be difficult without a solid credit score. 

3. Bankruptcy:

  • It is a legal procedure for individuals and businesses that are unable to pay their debts. 
  • During bankruptcy, the court reviews the filer's financial situation. If the court determines that the filer has insufficient assets, it may legally discharge debts. 

Managing multiple debts can be overwhelming. However, with careful consideration and an effective debt management strategy, you can maintain a healthy credit score. 

Conclusion

A systematic approach is essential for an effective debt consolidation loan. While appropriate consolidation can simplify your payment options and lower interest rates, it requires proactive planning to avoid issues such as extended repayment terms. By thoroughly assessing your financial situation, you can determine whether to pursue debt consolidation. Additionally, exploring alternatives such as debt management plans can offer valuable insights into your financial standing. 

If you seek expert guidance for debt consolidation, Shepherd Outsourcing Services offers tailored solutions that can help you achieve financial freedom. Contact us now to explore the best debt management strategies for your financial needs. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Do debt consolidation loans hurt my credit score?

Debt consolidation can both help and hurt your credit score simultaneously. Initially, it may decrease due to a hard inquiry. However, consolidation can enable you to manage your repayments effectively, positively impacting your credit score over time. 

2. How do I qualify for a debt consolidation loan?

The higher the income, the greater the chances of approval. Creditors may also take into account the percentage of your monthly income that goes toward existing debts, known as the debt-to-income (DTI) ratio. Most creditors favor a DTI of 40% or lower. 

3. Is it expensive to consolidate debt?

Debt consolidation loans may include organization fees, which usually range from 1% to 10% of the total loan amount and are factored into the loan’s APR. 

4. Are debt consolidation loans only available for credit card debts?

No debt consolidation loan can merge different kinds of unsecured debts, including personal loans, medical bills, and credit card debts. 

5. Is it better to consolidate or settle debt?

Debt consolidation is a better option if you have a solid credit score. Conversely, debt settlement is preferable if you are behind on payments and have a poor credit score.